Produced water - waste water produced with a water content of petroleum products and crude oil through the moisture and vapor entering the reservoir from the air through the breathing valve. These effluents are discharged in the time of reservoir drainage. Level gaging of produced water in a pot of oil is carried out using measuring staff with a special water sensitive paste or tape. The operator rubs measuring staff with graduations indicator with water sensitive paste and puts it down through the manhole into the reservoir with fuel. On the level of produced water sludge indicator paste is painted in crimson. After immersing the tape in the case of putting the water sensitive tape into produced water, the line indicating the level of bottom water layer is left.

They are necessary as the main source of energy. Types - dark and light. The light are petrol, diesel, kerosene. The dark are black oil, oils and greases, heating oil.

The quality of petroleum products is tested in special accredited laboratories, where (quality) certificate of conformance and quality passport is issued.

• Certificate of conformance,
• accompanying consignment (4 copies),
• railway consignment.

• name of cargo
• origin and destination
• the time of acceptance for carriage
• date of delivery
• speed of cargo carriage

The oil products natural loss is the loss of oil products caused by physical and chemical properties of oil, meteorological factors, as well as imperfections of transportation of petroleum products. The loss may occur through the large and small breath of petroleum product.

Hydrometer, measuring staff, as well as sampler. By immersion in the measured petroleum, in the case of measuring staff the water and sensitive paste is applied to measure the produced water.

Reservoirs for petroleum products used for receiving, storing, issuing petroleum products. The construction includes ground reservoirs, basement and underground installation in dry and wet soils. The reservoirs are divided into horizontal and vertical reservoirs by their form of construction. Use of horizontal storage reservoirs may be in the terrestrial version, and in the underground. Mostly aboveground reservoirs are used to store petroleum products in reservoir farms and oil depots, as well as for fuels and lubricants storage at the enterprise. Underground steel tanks and reservoirs are primarily used for storage of petroleum products at the fuel stations. These reservoirs are buried below the soil freezing, which provides insulation and protects the fuel from freezing under the exploitation of reservoirs in difficult climatic conditions in the presence of low temperatures. The reservoirs can be mono-and multi compartment. The presence of several cameras in the reservoir allows realize the storage and issuance of several kinds of fuel simultaneously. Depending on the purpose and type of stored fuel, reservoirs are subjected to heat and waterproofing, and their inner walls are being faced. Reservoirs can be equipped with heaters, safety and other valves, fittings, two-way dispensers, devices for cleaning, gauges, etc.

The density of oil products is measured by densimeter.

• Computational Pipeline System/ freight/ transportation is paid to (…name of destination)
• FCA/ Free transporter (…name of destination)
• FOB/ Free board (…name of shipment board)
• EXW/ the seller’s obligation to immerse the article into the buyer’s carrier is added

The crack detection of reservoir provides the following list of actions: • examination of the technical documentation provided • Visual inspection of the reservoir • Preparation of the internal surface of the reservoir to the crack detection • Measuring of basic metal thickness by ultrasonic thickness indicator • Crack detection of joint weld by colored crack detection or (and) ultrasonic crack detector • Drawing up of technical report on inspection of reservoir. In other words, checking the reservoir for damages.